By Eileen Renders
Osteoporosis and osteopenia are two common bone disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. These conditions are more common in the elderly population. Both conditions are related to a decrease in bone density which can lead to an increased risk for broken bones.
Osteopenia is when bone density is lower than normal but has not yet reached the level of osteoporosis. Someone with osteopenia has a higher risk of developing osteoporosis especially if preventative measures are not taken. Symptoms of osteopenia may be subtle, or absent which can make early detection challenging.
Osteoporosis is a debilitating condition characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue. Risk factors include age, gender (females are at higher risk), family history, hormonal imbalances, certain medications, and lifestyle factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption.
Diagnosis is often made through bone density (DEXA) scans which measures bone mineral density. Treatment is aimed at fracture prevention, pain relief, and improving bone density. Lifestyle changes play a major role in managing osteoporosis such as quitting smoking, participating in weight bearing exercises and including calcium-rich food in your diet.
Osteopenia and osteoporosis may be discovered when an x-ray is taken for other reasons but current guidelines recommend screening for women 65 years or older. Earlier screenings can be completed if there is an increased risk factor such as some chronic diseases or history of fracture.
Eileen Renders is a retired nutrition counselor, health research writer, author, and publisher with more than a dozen published titles on www.Amazon.com She founded the First Wellness Center in Atlantic County in 1995 and was a provider for Cigna and United Healthcare.
